Probing Hard Scattering Processes via Multiple Weak Gauge Boson Production at the Future Colliders

TL;DR

This paper explores the production of multiple weak gauge bosons in high-energy proton-proton collisions at future colliders, analyzing cross-sections, decay modes, and background suppression techniques to identify potential signals of new physics.

Contribution

It introduces a comprehensive methodology for studying multi-boson production, including cross-section calculations and background suppression, at energies up to 100 TeV.

Findings

Triple scattering process $W^+W^-W^+$ has the highest cross-section among studied processes.

Effective background suppression techniques enhance signal detection at future colliders.

Distinct kinematic features allow for successful signal isolation despite low cross-sections.

Abstract

One of the possible ways to detect the new physics phenomena particles is to investigate the weak gauge boson production as a result of hadron-hadron scattering. This study comprises the production of multiple weak gauge bosons as a result of hard scattering between the proton-proton beams at multi-TeV energies and integrated luminosity $\mathcal L =$ 3000 $fb ^{-1}$. The effective production cross-sections for pair, triple, and quartic scattering mechanisms have been computed as a function of $\sqrt s$. The center of mass energy has been varied from 8 TeV to 100 TeV to encompass the future collider capabilities. Out of all the studied processes, the triple scattering process $W^+W^-W^+$ has been chosen as the signal process based on the dominant cross-section. The background channels ZZZ, ZZZZ, $W^-ZZ$, $W^+ZZ$, $W^+W^-Z$, $W^+W^-ZZ$, $W^+W^-W^+W^-$, having comparatively lower cross-sections, have been selected from possible scattering mechanisms to investigate the effect of higher luminosity on the low production cross-section processes. We have investigated the different decay modes. For both lepton and hadron-specific decays of W and Z, the cumulative efficiencies for each signal and background process have been computed. In this study, we have successfully demonstrated an effective methodology for background suppression by systematically optimizing the signal-to-background ratio. The results indicate that, despite lower cross-sections for higher-order scattering, the distinct kinematic features enable effective signal isolation at future colliders.