Can Renewable Energy Sources Alleviate the Pressure of Military Expenditures on the Environment? Empirical Evidence from Turkiye
Emre Akusta

TL;DR
This paper investigates how renewable energy sources can mitigate the environmental impact of military expenditures in Turkiye, showing that renewable energy reduces CO2 emissions and offsets military-related environmental pressures.
Contribution
It provides empirical evidence from Turkiye demonstrating the effectiveness of renewable energy in reducing military expenditure-related CO2 emissions using ARDL analysis.
Findings
Military expenditures increase CO2 emissions in Turkiye.
Renewable energy use significantly decreases CO2 emissions.
Renewable energy offsets the environmental impact of military spending.
Abstract
This study analyzes the potential of renewable energy sources to reduce the environmental impact of military expenditures in Turkiye. ARDL method is preferred in the analysis using annual data for the period 1990-2021. In addition, an interaction term is added to the model to determine the effectiveness of renewable energy sources. The results show that military expenditures have a positive impact on CO2 emissions in the short and long run with coefficients of 0.260 and 0.196, respectively. Moreover, renewable energy use has a statistically significant negative impact on CO2 emissions in the short and long run with coefficients of -0.119 and -0.120, respectively. GDP has a positive impact on CO2 emissions in the short and long run with coefficients of 0.162 and 0.193, respectively. Although population growth does not have a statistically significant impact in the short run, it is found…
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Taxonomy
TopicsEnergy, Environment, Economic Growth · Efficiency Analysis Using DEA · Environmental Impact and Sustainability
