On the angular momentum and free energy of rotating gluon plasma

TL;DR

This paper uses lattice simulations to analyze the free energy, angular momentum, and deformation of rotating gluon plasma, revealing temperature-dependent behaviors of these properties in hot gluon matter.

Contribution

It provides the first numerical calculation of the moment of inertia and deformation of rotating gluon plasma in SU(3) lattice Yang-Mills theory, highlighting their temperature dependence.

Findings

Specific deformation and moment of inertia are negative above the phase transition.

Deformation becomes positive at higher temperatures.

Results are obtained across a broad temperature range.

Abstract

We study the free energy and the angular momentum of rotating hot gluon matter using first-principle numerical simulations of the $\textrm{SU}(3)$ lattice Yang-Mills theory. We calculate the specific moment of inertia and the specific deformation of the gluon matter as, respectively, the leading and next-to-leading terms in a series in angular velocity over a broad range of temperatures and various spatial boundary conditions. We show that the specific deformation, similarly to the moment of inertia, takes negative values in a phenomenologically interesting region of temperatures above the phase transition and turns positive at higher temperatures.