Respiration Rate Sensor Based on Fiber Cavity Attenuated Phase Shift Spectroscopy

TL;DR

This paper introduces a fiber-cavity based respiration rate sensor utilizing phase-shift spectroscopy, offering high sensitivity, resistance to baseline drift, and accurate detection across various postures, advancing optical sleep monitoring technology.

Contribution

A novel fiber-cavity sensor employing CAPS for respiration monitoring, demonstrating improved stability, sensitivity, and accuracy over existing methods.

Findings

Root-mean-square error of 0.91 breaths per minute

Effective across RR range of 8-44 breaths per minute

Works reliably in multiple postures including sitting and sleeping

Abstract

Respiratory rate (RR) is a vital sign with significant diagnostic value. Existing RR monitors often suffer from baseline drift over time, breaths can be occluded by limb or body movements, and many systems struggle to resolve shallow or extreme thoracic motion. Here, we propose a novel RR-monitoring sensor based on fiber-cavity attenuated phase-shift spectroscopy~(CAPS). The sensor comprises a fiber cavity whose portion is embedded into a flexible chest binder in a sinusoidal-like pattern, which the patient wears. Thoracic expansion and contraction during breathing modulate the cavity, and RR is extracted through CAPS measurements. Our sensor exhibits high reproducibility, strong sensitivity to strain and pressure induced by chest movements, inherent resistance to baseline drift, and the ability to detect body movements. The system achieves a root-mean-square error of 0.91 breaths per minute relative to the ground truth, across RR values ranging from 8 to 44 breaths per minute, when tested on multiple subjects in various postures, including sitting, supine, prone, and lateral positions. We anticipate that this work will contribute to the development of comprehensive optical fiber-based sleep monitoring systems.