The simplicity of complexity: a story of mathematical outreach

TL;DR

This paper narrates a multi-year journey of making complex mathematical ideas accessible and engaging through playful activities like games, puzzles, and exhibitions, emphasizing simplicity and creative presentation to reach diverse audiences.

Contribution

It introduces a framework for effective mathematical outreach using simple, engaging formats that incorporate advanced mathematical concepts in accessible ways.

Findings

Engaging activities can demystify complex mathematics.

Design principles like simplicity and atmosphere enhance outreach.

Mathematical ideas can be effectively communicated through playful formats.

Abstract

Mathematics is often perceived as difficult or inaccessible, yet meaningful engagement can arise in unexpected places. In this article we describe a multi-year exploration of mathematical outreach through games, puzzles, exhibitions, and artistic activities. Starting from a small science festival exhibit, our work developed into a broad collection of experiences showcased at game festivals, museums, and the World Expos in Dubai (2021/2022) and Osaka (2025). We discuss the principles that shaped these activities -- simplicity, atmosphere, mediation, and progressive depth -- and how mathematical ideas from topology, geometry, and logic can be incorporated into playful and creative formats. The story illustrates how low-threshold engagement and carefully designed experiences can open doors to research-level mathematics for audiences of all ages and backgrounds.