"SNe Ia twins" in the Hubble flow, and the determination of H0

TL;DR

This study uses 'SNe Ia twins' in the Hubble flow to accurately measure H0, confirming the existence of the Hubble tension with a value around 72.4 km/s/Mpc, and highlights issues with previous distance estimates.

Contribution

Introduces a twin supernova approach for precise H0 measurement and validates the classical method while identifying inaccuracies in existing distance data.

Findings

Derived H0 = 72.38 ± 1.54 km/s/Mpc, confirming the Hubble tension.

Validated the classical three-rung distance ladder method.

Identified inaccuracies in previous supernova distance estimates due to dust reddening and light curve issues.

Abstract

We have applied our approach of using ''SNe Ia twins''in the Hubble flow to obtain distances to SNe Ia at z $>$ 0.015 and derive H$_{0}$. Our results, taking a single step between the low z domain and the Hubble flow, validate the three rung classical method. We find, however, that the full compilation of distances, both in Pantheon+ and in the Carnegie-Chicago Hubble Program (CCHP), contain some inaccurate values in the colors due to an underestimate of reddening by dust, or due to the adoption of not well--defined light curve declines.This produces odd individual values for H$_{0}$ from single Type Ia SNe (SNe Ia). Our sample of carefully addressed SNe Ia in the Hubble flow contains a dozen supernovae, for which the distances are determined with high accuracy. Three of these SNe Ia are of the Broad Line subtype and can be compared with SN 1989B in M66, a host galaxy with a unique convergence of the Cepheid distance determination and the Tip of the Red Giant Branch stars (TRGB) determination by the CCHP group. There is, as well, a very good agreement on the distances to NGC 7250 and NGC 5643 between those derived with Cepheids by SH0ES and those derived with the use of J-Asymptotic Giant Branch stars(JAGB stars) by the CCHP, which makes them very good anchors. The sample of 12 SNe Ia gives a value of H$_{0}$ $=$ 72.56 $\pm$ 1.54 (stat) $\pm$ 1.33(sys) km s$^{-1}$ Mpc $^{-1}$,when anchored in Cepheids, and of H$_{0}$ $=$ 72.20 $\pm$ 1.53 (stat) $\pm$ 1.33 (sys) km s$^{-1}$ Mpc $^{-1}$,when anchored in JAGBs by the CCHP.We take a mean of the two values of H$_{0}$ as derived by the Cepheids and by JAGB (from the CCHP) and obtain H$_{0}$ $=$ 72.38 $\pm$ 1.54(stat) $\pm$ 1.33(sys) km s$^{-1}$ Mpc $^{-1}$. Our findings confirm that the Hubble tension is real.