High-beta equilibrium in mirror machine with population of fast sloshing ions

TL;DR

This paper presents a method to construct high-beta equilibria in mirror machines with fast sloshing ions, highlighting the role of adiabatic invariants and numerical validation.

Contribution

It introduces a novel approach to high-beta equilibrium construction using adiabatic invariants for fast sloshing ions, supported by numerical simulations.

Findings

High-beta equilibria can be achieved with fast sloshing ions.

Conservation of adiabatic invariants is validated numerically.

Numerical examples demonstrate the feasibility of the method.

Abstract

A method of constructing the high-beta (diamagnetic-bubble-like) equilibrium with a population of fast sloshing ions is discussed. Fast ions move along betatron orbits; such ions can arise because of off-axis neutral beam injection. Conservation of the adiabatic invariant of these ions is proposed; a simplified expression for the invariant is presented. Numerical examples of equilibrium with sloshing ions are shown and conservation of the invariant is justified by a direct numerical simulation of motion of fast ions even in the case with beta equal to 1.