Fault-Tolerant Temperature Control of HRSG Superheaters: Stability Analysis Under Valve Leakage Using Physics-Informed Neural Networks

TL;DR

This paper presents a novel fault-tolerant temperature control method for HRSG superheaters using physics-informed neural networks, improving stability and performance under valve leakage faults through adaptive, data-driven control strategies.

Contribution

It introduces a combined PI and feedforward control framework with PINNs for real-time gain tuning and thermodynamic constraint embedding, enhancing fault resilience in HRSG temperature regulation.

Findings

Significantly improved temperature response and reduced deviations.

Enhanced fault resilience and adaptive gain adjustment.

Validated stability and effectiveness through simulation on operational data.

Abstract

Faults and operational disturbances in Heat Recovery Steam Generators (HRSGs), such as valve leakage, present significant challenges, disrupting steam temperature regulation and potentially causing efficiency losses, safety risks, and unit shutdowns. Traditional PI controllers often struggle due to inherent system delays, nonlinear dynamics, and static gain limitations. This paper introduces a fault-tolerant temperature control framework by integrating a PI plus feedforward control strategy with Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs). The feedforward component anticipates disturbances, preemptively adjusting control actions, while the PINN adaptively tunes control gains in real-time, embedding thermodynamic constraints to manage varying operating conditions and valve leakage faults. A Lyapunov-based stability analysis confirms the asymptotic convergence of temperature tracking errors under bounded leakage conditions. Simulation results using operational data from the Pareh-Sar combined cycle power plant demonstrate significantly improved response times, reduced temperature deviations, enhanced fault resilience, and smooth gain adjustments. The proposed adaptive, data-driven methodology shows strong potential for industrial deployment, ensuring reliable operation, autonomous fault recovery, and enhanced performance in HRSG systems.