Fluid Antenna-Enhanced Flexible Beamforming
Jingyuan Xu, Zhentian Zhang, Jian Dang, Hao Jiang, Zaichen Zhang

TL;DR
This paper introduces a flexible beamforming framework for fluid antenna arrays, transforming beam-pattern synthesis into a sparse regression problem and demonstrating improved accuracy over traditional fixed-array systems.
Contribution
It develops a unified framework connecting beam-pattern synthesis with port selection, using compressive sensing and FFT-based phase retrieval for efficient, high-resolution adaptive beamforming.
Findings
Enhanced beam-pattern reconstruction accuracy with fluid antennas
Efficient FFT-based phase retrieval with low complexity
Significant improvement over fixed-array architectures
Abstract
Fluid antenna systems encompass a broad class of reconfigurable antenna technologies that offer substantial spatial diversity for various optimization objectives and communication tasks. Their capability to enhance spatial resolution within a fixed physical aperture makes fluid antennas particularly attractive for next-generation wireless deployments. In this work, we focus on the beamforming problem using a two-dimensional planar fluid antenna array. Since both narrow-beam and broad-beam patterns are essential in practical communication networks, enabling flexible beamforming through fluid antennas becomes an important and interesting research direction. We establish a unified and flexible framework that connects arbitrary beam-pattern synthesis with fluid-antenna port selection. The resulting formulation transforms beam-pattern reconstruction into a sparse regression problem, which is…
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Taxonomy
TopicsSpeech and Audio Processing · Direction-of-Arrival Estimation Techniques · Antenna Design and Optimization
