A Multi-View Multi-Timescale Hypergraph-Empowered Spatiotemporal Framework for EV Charging Forecasting

TL;DR

HyperCast is a novel hypergraph-based framework that models complex, higher-order spatiotemporal dependencies in EV charging demand, significantly improving forecasting accuracy over existing methods.

Contribution

The paper introduces HyperCast, a hypergraph-empowered framework that captures multi-view and multi-timescale dependencies for EV charging forecasting, addressing limitations of pairwise models.

Findings

HyperCast outperforms state-of-the-art baselines on four datasets.

Explicit modeling of group-wise charging behaviors improves accuracy.

Multi-view and multi-timescale integration enhances spatiotemporal understanding.

Abstract

Accurate electric vehicle (EV) charging demand forecasting is essential for stable grid operation and proactive EV participation in electricity market. Existing forecasting methods, particularly those based on graph neural networks, are often limited to modeling pairwise relationships between stations, failing to capture the complex, group-wise dynamics inherent in urban charging networks. To address this gap, we develop a novel forecasting framework namely HyperCast, leveraging the expressive power of hypergraphs to model the higher-order spatiotemporal dependencies hidden in EV charging patterns. HyperCast integrates multi-view hypergraphs, which capture both static geographical proximity and dynamic demand-based functional similarities, along with multi-timescale inputs to differentiate between recent trends and weekly periodicities. The framework employs specialized hyper-spatiotemporal blocks and tailored cross-attention mechanisms to effectively fuse information from these diverse sources: views and timescales. Extensive experiments on four public datasets demonstrate that HyperCast significantly outperforms a wide array of state-of-the-art baselines, demonstrating the effectiveness of explicitly modeling collective charging behaviors for more accurate forecasting.