Mode multiplexing for scalable cavity-enhanced operations in neutral-atom arrays

TL;DR

This paper introduces a cavity mode multiplexing technique for neutral atom arrays, enabling scalable, parallel quantum operations and improved entanglement distribution, addressing key bottlenecks in quantum information processing.

Contribution

It proposes a practical cavity-based multiplexing approach with up to 50 modes, enhancing scalability and efficiency in neutral atom quantum systems.

Findings

Supports up to 50 cavity modes for multiplexing

Enables rapid mid-circuit syndrome extraction

Significantly improves entanglement distribution rates

Abstract

Neutral atom arrays provide a versatile platform for quantum information processing. However, in large-scale arrays, efficient photon collection remains a bottleneck for key tasks such as fast, non-destructive qubit readout and remote entanglement distribution. We propose a cavity-based approach that enables fast, parallel operations over many atoms using multiple modes of a single optical cavity. By selectively shifting the relevant atomic transitions, each atom can be coupled to a distinct cavity mode, allowing independent simultaneous processing. We present practical system designs that support cavity-mode multiplexing with up to 50 modes, enabling rapid mid-circuit syndrome extraction and significantly enhancing entanglement distribution rates between remote atom arrays. This approach offers a scalable solution to core challenges in neutral atom arrays, advancing the development of practical quantum technologies.