Spherically symmetric charged (anti-)de Sitter black hole in $f(R,T)$ gravity coupled with nonlinear electrodynamics

TL;DR

This paper derives a new charged black hole solution in $f(R,T)$ gravity with nonlinear electrodynamics, revealing complex horizon structures and effects on photon trajectories and shadows.

Contribution

It introduces a novel static spherically symmetric charged black hole solution in $f(R,T)$ gravity coupled with nonlinear electrodynamics, including higher-order corrections and an effective cosmological constant.

Findings

Multiple horizons can form depending on parameters.

Photon sphere radius and black hole shadow are affected by magnetic charge and coupling.

Nonlinear effects significantly modify strong-field behavior.

Abstract

By deriving and solving the gravitational and electromagnetic field equations in $f(R,T)$ gravity coupled with nonlinear electrodynamics, we obtain a static spherically symmetric charged solution that incorporates higher-order correction terms along with an effective cosmological constant term. This solution reduces to the AdS/dS metric in the far-field region while exhibiting significant modifications in the strong-field regime due to the nonlinear electromagnetic effects and the matter-geometry coupling. We further analyze the black hole's horizon structure, revealing the complex phenomenon of multiple horizons emerging within specific parameter ranges. Additionally, by introducing an effective metric to study photon propagation, we systematically explore the influence of magnetic charge and the coupling parameter on the effective potential, the photon sphere radius, and the black hole shadow.