Asymptotic Performance Analysis of Fluid Antenna Systems: An Extreme Value Theory Perspective

TL;DR

This paper uses extreme value theory to analyze the asymptotic performance of fluid antenna systems, revealing exponential decay of outage probability and double-logarithmic capacity scaling, with spatial correlation negatively impacting performance.

Contribution

It introduces an EVT-based asymptotic analysis framework for FAS, deriving new scaling laws for outage probability and ergodic capacity, and quantifies the impact of spatial correlation.

Findings

OP decays exponentially with the number of antenna ports.

EC exhibits double-logarithmic scaling law.

Spatial correlation degrades both OP and EC.

Abstract

Fluid antenna systems (FAS) allow dynamic reconfiguration to achieve superior diversity gains and reliability. To quantify the performance scaling of FAS with a large number of antenna ports, this paper leverages extreme value theory (EVT) to conduct an asymptotic analysis of the outage probability (OP) and ergodic capacity (EC). The analysis reveals that the OP decays approximately exponentially with the number of antenna ports. Moreover, we establish upper and lower bounds for the asymptotic EC, uncovering its double-logarithmic scaling law. Furthermore, we re-substantiate these scaling laws by exploiting the fact that the mode of the Gumbel distribution scales logarithmically. Besides, we theoretically prove that spatial correlation among antenna ports degrades both OP and EC. All analytical findings are conclusively validated by numerical results.