Spatially-bounded rogue waves in the Davey-Stewartson I equation

TL;DR

This paper identifies and analyzes spatially-bounded rogue waves in the Davey-Stewartson I equation, revealing conditions for their formation, their geometric structure, and providing accurate asymptotic descriptions.

Contribution

It introduces specific conditions for higher-order rational solutions to produce spatially-bounded rogue waves and derives their asymptotic approximations.

Findings

Rogue waves form from a uniform background with time-varying lumps.

Crests of rogue waves are closed curves, often disconnected.

Asymptotic approximations match true solutions well.

Abstract

Spatially-bounded rogue waves, i.e., rogue waves that arise in a limited region of a multi-dimensional space, are interesting and important from both theoretical and applied points of view. In this paper, we determine spatially-bounded rogue waves in the Davey-Stewartson I equation. We show that these rogue waves can be obtained when a single or multiple internal parameters in the higher-order rational solution of the Davey-Stewartson I equation are real and large, and the order-index vector of this higher-order rational solution has even length and comprises pairs of the form (2n, 2n+1), where n is a positive integer. Under these conditions and another nondegeneracy condition on the root curve of a certain double-real-variable polynomial, the higher-order rational solution will exhibit spatially-bounded rogue waves that arise from a uniform background with some time-varying lumps on it, reach high amplitude in limited space, and then disappear into the same background again. The crests of these rogue waves form a single or multiple closed curves that are generically disconnected from each other on the spatial plane, and are analytically predicted by the root curve mentioned above. We also derive uniformly-valid asymptotic approximations for these spatially-bounded rogue waves in the large-parameter regime. Near the crests of these rogue waves, these asymptotic approximations reduce to simple expressions. Our asymptotic approximations of these rogue waves are compared to true solutions and good agreement is demonstrated.