Generalized Three-Family Supersymmetric Pati-Salam Models from Type IIA Intersecting D6-Branes

TL;DR

This paper extends the landscape of supersymmetric Pati-Salam models by generalizing intersection conditions in Type IIA string theory, discovering new classes of models and proposing mechanisms to achieve string-scale gauge coupling relations.

Contribution

It introduces a broader set of intersection conditions for three-family models and develops an alternative gauge coupling normalization approach for string-scale unification.

Findings

Four new classes of supersymmetric Pati-Salam models identified.

A mechanism to realize string-scale gauge coupling relations with large g_b/g_a ratio.

Effective suppression of g_b/g_a through modified renormalization group evolution.

Abstract

Generalizing three-family chiral fermion conditions to $I_{ac}=-(3+h)$ and $I_{ac'}=h$, with positive integer $h$, we extend the landscape of three-family ${\cal N}=1$ supersymmetric Pati-Salam models in a broader region. Differing from the former investigation with $I_{ac}=-3$ and $I_{ac'}=0$, we do not restrict that the $a$ stack of D6-branes must be parallel to the orientifold image of the $c$-stack along one of the three two-tori. In this investigation, without the simple parallel construction, we find four new classes of supersymmetric Pati-Salam models that are allowed by the extended three generation condition with $I_{ac}=3, I_{ac'}=-6$ and $I_{ac}=-1, I_{ac'}=-2$ through the intersections of $a$- and $c/c'$-branes. Moreover, with the $SU(2)_{L'}$ gauge coupling realized from $SU(2)_{L_1}\times SU(2)_{L_2}$ symmetry breaking, the canonical normalization requirement of the gauge kinetic term provides an alternative approach that can be imposed before the renormalization group equation evolution for $SU(2)_{L'}$ gauge coupling. This turns out to be an effective mechanism to realize the string-scale gauge coupling relation, especially for the new supersymmetric Pati-Salam models with large $g_b/g_a$ ratio. We show that this symmetry-breaking modified renormalization group evolution can highly suppress $g_b/g_a$, and finally realizes string-scale gauge coupling relations for the extended supersymmetric Pati-Salam models as well.