Integrated Coexistence for Satellite and Terrestrial Networks with Multistatic ISAC

TL;DR

This paper proposes a practical cooperation framework for satellite and terrestrial networks with multistatic ISAC, improving coexistence performance by leveraging satellite CSI predictability and joint beamforming and power allocation strategies.

Contribution

It introduces a novel integrated coexistence approach with a practical CSI prediction structure, co-designed beamforming and power allocation, and a multistatic ISAC target-radar association method.

Findings

Performance approaches interference-free benchmark with more spot beams and radar receivers.

Significant performance enhancement over existing methods.

Feasibility of spectral coexistence demonstrated through simulations.

Abstract

Tightly integrated low earth orbit (LEO) satellite communications and terrestrial integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) are expected to be key novel aspects of the 6G era. Spectrum sharing between satellite and terrestrial cellular networks may, however, cause severe interference. This paper introduces a cooperation framework for integrated coexistence between satellite and terrestrial networks where the terrestrial network also deploys multistatic ISAC. Unlike prior works that assume ideal channel state information (CSI) acquisition, the proposed approach develops a practical structure consisting of pre-optimization and refinement stages that leverages the predictability of satellite CSI. In addition, a co-design of terrestrial beamforming and satellite power allocation utilizing a weighted minimum mean-squared error algorithm is proposed, and a target-radar association method designed for multistatic ISAC is presented. Simulation results show that the proposed approach significantly enhances the performance of these integrated networks. Furthermore, it is confirmed that the overall performance approaches the interference-free benchmark as the number of spot beams and radar receivers increases, demonstrating the feasibility of spectral coexistence between the two networks.