Mass-imbalance effect on the cluster formation in a one-dimensional Fermi gas with coexistent $s$- and $p$-wave interactions

TL;DR

This paper investigates how mass imbalance influences cluster formation in a one-dimensional two-component Fermi gas with coexisting s- and p-wave interactions, revealing phase diagrams and binding properties of various clusters.

Contribution

It provides the first detailed analysis of stable two- and three-body cluster states with mass imbalance and maps out phase diagrams of pairing and trimer phases in this system.

Findings

Three-body states are more deeply bound than two-body states.

The in-medium trimer phase dominates over pairing phases at moderate interaction strengths.

Different clustering configurations compete within the three-body clustering regime.

Abstract

We consider the mass-imbalance effect on the clustering in a one-dimensional two-component Fermi gas with coexistent even- and odd-wave interactions resulting in different configurations of clustering phases. We obtain the solutions of both stable two- and three-body cluster states with different mass ratios and configurations by solving the corresponding variational equations. We numerically map out phase diagrams consisting of the $s$- and $p$-wave pairing phases, and {trimer} phase with different configurations, in a plane of $s$- and $p$-wave pairing strengths. Within the explored ranges of $s$- and $p$-wave pairing strengths, the in-vacuum three-body states are always more deeply bound than the two-body ones. While for the in-medium case, the Cooper {trimer} phase dominates over the pairing phases when both $s$- and $p$-wave interactions are moderately strong. There is also a competition between different clustering configurations of three-body clustering.