Carbon Reduction Potential and Sensitivity Analysis of Rural Integrated Energy System with Carbon Trading and Coordinated Electric-Thermal Demand Response

TL;DR

This paper develops a multi-level framework integrating demand response and carbon trading to optimize carbon reduction in rural energy systems, identifying key parameters influencing emission reductions.

Contribution

It introduces a combined macro-micro analysis approach, including a low-carbon operation model and sensitivity analysis of device parameters, to enhance rural energy system decarbonization.

Findings

Coordinated demand response and carbon trading significantly increase carbon reduction potential.

High-sensitivity parameters are identified as critical for improving decarbonization strategies.

Case studies confirm the effectiveness of the proposed integrated approach.

Abstract

Constructing clean and low-carbon rural integrated energy system (RIES) is a fundamental requirement for supporting China's rural modernization and new-type urbanization. Existing research on RIES decarbonization primarily focuses on the optimal low-carbon operation of system-level energy devices at the macro level, while the synergistic carbon-reduction effects of demand-side flexible loads and external carbon trading mechanisms have not been fully explored. Meanwhile, at the micro level, the carbon sensitivity of device parameters and their potential contribution to emission reduction remain insufficiently investigated. To address these gaps, this study integrates macro- and micro-level analyses. At the macro level, a multi-energy-coupled low-carbon optimal operation framework is developed, incorporating coordinated electric-thermal demand response (DR) and carbon trading. At the micro level, a carbon emission model for RIES components is established, and sensitivity analysis is conducted on 28 carbon-related parameters to identify highly sensitive determinants of emission reduction. Case studies based on typical operation data from a rural region in northern China demonstrate that coordinated electric-thermal DR and carbon trading can achieve maximum carbon-reduction potential. Furthermore, the identified high-sensitivity parameters provide essential theoretical guidance for enhancing the decarbonization potential of RIES.