Mean-field theory of the DNLS equation at positive and negative absolute temperatures

TL;DR

This paper develops a mean-field theory for the DNLS model, accurately describing equilibrium states at positive and negative temperatures, and improves upon previous models by including site interactions.

Contribution

It introduces a mean-field approximation for the DNLS model that captures both positive and negative temperature phases with high accuracy.

Findings

Mean-field theory matches numerical results across the phase diagram.

Explicit formulas derived for high-temperature equilibrium observables.

The approach improves upon models neglecting site interactions.

Abstract

The Discrete Non Linear Schr\"odinger (DNLS) model, due to the existence of two conserved quantities, displays an equilibrium transition between a homogeneous phase at positive absolute temperature and a localized phase at negative absolute temperature. Here, we provide a mean-field theory of DNLS through a suitable approximation of the grandcanonical partition function which makes it factorizable and can be used to describe the equilibrium state at positive temperatures as well as the metastable state at negative temperatures. By comparing our mean-field results with numerically exact ones, we show that this approximation is good-to-excellent in the whole grandcanonical phase diagram. Explicit approximate expressions for equilibrium observables are provided in the high-temperature limit. Our theory represents a clear advancement over the model that neglects the interaction between sites.