Dynamic and Static Energy Efficient Design of Pinching Antenna Systems

TL;DR

This paper introduces a hybrid dynamic-static approach to optimize energy efficiency in pinching-antenna systems by tuning pinching locations and couplings, with experimental validation showing significant improvements.

Contribution

It develops a novel formulation for power distribution in PASSs and proposes hybrid algorithms for dynamic and static tuning of system parameters.

Findings

Dynamic tuning of pinching locations significantly improves energy efficiency.

Hybrid algorithms effectively balance real-time and static parameter adjustments.

Experimental results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed tuning strategies.

Abstract

We study the energy efficiency of pinching-antenna systems (PASSs) by developing a consistent formulation for power distribution in these systems. The per-antenna power distribution in PASSs is not controlled explicitly by a power allocation policy, but rather implicitly through tuning of pinching couplings and locations. Both these factors are tunable: (i) pinching locations are tuned using movable elements, and (ii) couplings can be tuned by varying the effective coupling length of the pinching elements. While the former is feasible to be addressed dynamically in settings with low user mobility, the latter cannot be addressed at a high rate. We thus develop a class of hybrid dynamic-static algorithms, which maximize the energy efficiency by updating the system parameters at different rates. Our experimental results depict that dynamic tuning of pinching locations can significantly boost energy efficiency of PASSs.