CC30k: A Citation Contexts Dataset for Reproducibility-Oriented Sentiment Analysis

TL;DR

The paper introduces CC30k, a large dataset of citation contexts labeled with reproducibility-oriented sentiments, enabling better prediction and analysis of scientific reproducibility in machine learning literature.

Contribution

It provides a novel, large-scale dataset focused on reproducibility sentiments, filling a gap in resources for computational reproducibility research.

Findings

Large language models improve in sentiment classification after fine-tuning on CC30k.

The dataset achieves 94% labeling accuracy.

CC30k enables large-scale reproducibility assessment of ML papers.

Abstract

Sentiments about the reproducibility of cited papers in downstream literature offer community perspectives and have shown as a promising signal of the actual reproducibility of published findings. To train effective models to effectively predict reproducibility-oriented sentiments and further systematically study their correlation with reproducibility, we introduce the CC30k dataset, comprising a total of 30,734 citation contexts in machine learning papers. Each citation context is labeled with one of three reproducibility-oriented sentiment labels: Positive, Negative, or Neutral, reflecting the cited paper's perceived reproducibility or replicability. Of these, 25,829 are labeled through crowdsourcing, supplemented with negatives generated through a controlled pipeline to counter the scarcity of negative labels. Unlike traditional sentiment analysis datasets, CC30k focuses on reproducibility-oriented sentiments, addressing a research gap in resources for computational reproducibility studies. The dataset was created through a pipeline that includes robust data cleansing, careful crowd selection, and thorough validation. The resulting dataset achieves a labeling accuracy of 94%. We then demonstrated that the performance of three large language models significantly improves on the reproducibility-oriented sentiment classification after fine-tuning using our dataset. The dataset lays the foundation for large-scale assessments of the reproducibility of machine learning papers. The CC30k dataset and the Jupyter notebooks used to produce and analyze the dataset are publicly available at https://github.com/lamps-lab/CC30k .