MG-HGNN: A Heterogeneous GNN Framework for Indoor Wi-Fi Fingerprint-Based Localization

TL;DR

This paper introduces MG-HGNN, a novel heterogeneous graph neural network framework that significantly improves indoor Wi-Fi fingerprint-based localization accuracy by leveraging multi-graph construction and heterogeneous GNNs.

Contribution

The paper presents a new multi-graph heterogeneous GNN framework with task-directed graph construction, enhancing spatial awareness and localization accuracy over existing methods.

Findings

Outperforms state-of-the-art localization methods on public datasets.

Demonstrates the effectiveness of heterogeneous GNNs in indoor positioning.

Ablation studies confirm the benefits of multi-graph construction.

Abstract

Received signal strength indicator (RSSI) is the primary representation of Wi-Fi fingerprints and serves as a crucial tool for indoor localization. However, existing RSSI-based positioning methods often suffer from reduced accuracy due to environmental complexity and challenges in processing multi-source information. To address these issues, we propose a novel multi-graph heterogeneous GNN framework (MG-HGNN) to enhance spatial awareness and improve positioning performance. In this framework, two graph construction branches perform node and edge embedding, respectively, to generate informative graphs. Subsequently, a heterogeneous graph neural network is employed for graph representation learning, enabling accurate positioning. The MG-HGNN framework introduces the following key innovations: 1) multi-type task-directed graph construction that combines label estimation and feature encoding for richer graph information; 2) a heterogeneous GNN structure that enhances the performance of conventional GNN models. Evaluations on the UJIIndoorLoc and UTSIndoorLoc public datasets demonstrate that MG-HGNN not only achieves superior performance compared to several state-of-the-art methods, but also provides a novel perspective for enhancing GNN-based localization methods. Ablation studies further confirm the rationality and effectiveness of the proposed framework.