Feedback-Enhanced Driven-Dissipative Quantum Batteries in Waveguide-QED Systems

TL;DR

This paper introduces a feedback-controlled driven-dissipative quantum battery system in waveguide-QED, significantly improving energy storage and work extraction, and controlling dynamical phases in large arrays.

Contribution

It proposes a novel feedback control scheme for quantum batteries in waveguide-QED, enhancing energy storage and enabling phase control in large systems.

Findings

Nearly perfect stable charging with weak coherent driving.

Control of dynamical phases including a boundary time-crystal phase.

Achievement of full charge and small energy storage phases.

Abstract

Quantum batteries (QBs), acting as energy storage devices, have potential applications in future quantum science and technology. However, the QBs inevitably losses energy due to their interaction with environment. How to enhance the performance of the QBs in the open-system case remains an important challenge. Here we propose a scheme to realize the driven-dissipative QBs in atom-waveguide-QED systems and demonstrate significant improvements in both the stored energy and extractable work (ergotropy) of the QBs via feedback control. For a single-atom QB, we show that combining the measurement and coherent feedback controls enables nearly perfect stable charging under the weak coherent driving. For the QB array, the measurement-based feedback allows us to control different dynamical phases in the thermodynamic limit: (i) a continuous boundary time-crystal phase, where persistent periodic energy charge-discharge oscillations emerge despite the presence of the dissipation into the waveguide, and (ii) two stationary phases -- one reaches full charge while the other maintains only small energy storage. This work broadens the scope of driven-dissipative QBs and provides practical strategies for enhancing their performance.