DMA-Latte: Expanding the Reach of DMA Offloads to Latency-bound ML Communication

TL;DR

This paper extends DMA offload techniques on AMD Instinct MI300X GPUs from bandwidth-bound to latency-bound ML communication scenarios, achieving significant performance improvements.

Contribution

It introduces novel features in AMD MI300X GPUs that enable DMA offloads to be effective for latency-sensitive ML workloads, with demonstrated operator-level and workload-level acceleration.

Findings

DMA offloads close up to 4.5× performance gap in ML collectives.

Power savings of 3-10% in ML collectives using DMA offloads.

Up to 1.5× lower latency and 1.9× higher throughput in LLM inference.

Abstract

Offloading communication to existing direct memory access (DMA) engines, available on most state-of-the-art commercial GPUs, has emerged as an interesting and low-cost solution to efficiently overlap computation and communication in machine learning (ML). That said, so far, the reach of DMA offloads has been limited to bandwidth-bound scenarios only (10s of MB to GB transfer sizes). In this work, we aim to break this barrier and expand the reach of DMA communication offloads to even latency-bound regions (KB to low MB). Specifically, we discuss in this work hitherto untapped features available in the state-of-the-art AMD Instinct$^{\mathrm{TM}}$ MI300X GPUs that render DMA communication offloads competitive even for latency-bound regions. We demonstrate the efficacy of these features at the operator-level (ML communication collectives such as all-gather and all-to-all), and also at the end-to-end workload-level (LLM inference). For the former, our optimized DMA offloads close up to 4.5$\times$ performance gap and deliver additional power savings (3-10%) for ML collectives as compared to state-of-the-art GPU core-based communication library, RCCL. For the latter, we demonstrate acceleration for LLM inference: up to 1.5$\times$ lower latency and up to 1.9$\times$ higher throughput over the state-of-the-art vLLM inference framework. We conclude with a discussion of AMD Instinct GPU runtime innovations that stand to expose these features and additionally identify future hardware-software co-design potential to further improve DMA offload efficiency.