Lightning-Induced Faults in Low-Voltage Distribution Networks via Hybrid VTS-PEEC Method

TL;DR

This paper uses a hybrid VTS-PEEC simulation method to analyze lightning-induced faults in low-voltage distribution networks, revealing how stroke location affects overvoltage and fault risk, aiding in better protection strategies.

Contribution

It introduces a validated hybrid VTS-PEEC method for simulating lightning-induced faults and analyzes the impact of lightning stroke location on fault risk in low-voltage networks.

Findings

Closer lightning strokes increase overvoltage and fault risk.

Similar waveforms are observed for certain stroke locations.

Insights aid in developing targeted lightning protection measures.

Abstract

As a critical component of power supply systems, low-voltage distribution net-works directly affect grid stability and user power supply reliability, yet they face significant threats from lightning-induced faults. Transient simulations are more economical and adaptable for investigating lightning-induced faults in low-voltage distribution networks than experiments. A hybrid Variable Time Step (VTS)-Partial Element Equivalent Circuit (PEEC) method, has been validat-ed in previous study, is used for Lightning-induced Electromagnetic Pulse (LEMP) simulation and fault analysis. The lightning-induced faults in ex-tended unequal-length double-circuit low-voltage distribution networks are ana-lyzed in this paper. The impact of lightning stroke location on overvoltage and fault risk is the primary focus of this study. Key findings indicate that, for ground strokes in front of the center of one double circuit, similar three-phase negative and bipolar oscillatory waveforms that are linked to fault initiation emerge. Closer strokes promote bipolar waveforms with the main peak negative as well as higher overvoltages and fault risk. These results provide essential insights for under-standing lightning-induced fault mechanisms, thereby laying a foundation for formulating more targeted and effective lightning protection measures.