A General Strategy for Realizing Mpemba Effects in Open Quantum Systems

TL;DR

This paper introduces a universal and experimentally feasible method to induce and control the Mpemba effect in open quantum systems by manipulating dissipation, enabling faster relaxation regardless of initial states.

Contribution

It presents a general strategy using temporary bond-dissipation quenches to realize and control the quantum Mpemba effect in various open quantum systems.

Findings

Demonstrates suppression or enhancement of slow relaxation modes

Shows feasibility in systems with dephasing and boundary dissipation

Proposes cold-atom experimental implementations

Abstract

The Mpemba effect, where a state farther from equilibrium relaxes faster than one closer to it, is a striking phenomenon in both classical and quantum systems. In open quantum systems, however, the quantum Mpemba effect (QME) typically occurs only for specifically chosen initial states, which limits its universality. Here we present a general and experimentally feasible strategy to realize both QME and anti-QME. By applying a temporary bond-dissipation quench, we selectively suppresses or enhances slow relaxation modes, thereby reshaping relaxation pathways independently of both the system and the initial state. We demonstrate this mechanism in systems with dephasing and boundary dissipation, and outline feasible cold-atom implementations. Our results establish controllable dissipation as a versatile tool for quantum control, accelerated relaxation, and efficient nonequilibrium protocols.