The Exospace Weather Frontier
R. O. Parke Loyd, Evgenya L. Shkolnik, Joseph Lazio, Gregg W. Hallinan, Juli\'an Alvarado-G\'omez, Laura Amaral, Ivey Davis, Alison Farrish, James Green, Dave Brain, Bin Chen, Christina Cohen, Shannon Curry, Karin Dissauer, Arika Egan, Nat Gopalswamy, Guillaume Gronoff

TL;DR
This paper reviews the current state and future directions of exospace weather research, emphasizing its importance for understanding planetary atmospheres and proposing a multidisciplinary approach to advance the field.
Contribution
It synthesizes cross-disciplinary knowledge, identifies key challenges, and recommends strategies to develop exospace weather as a foundational aspect of planetary science.
Findings
Identified five core themes for exospace weather study.
Highlighted technological and observational innovations needed.
Outlined pathways for community-wide progress.
Abstract
Space weather is among the most powerful and least understood forces shaping planetary atmospheres. In our Solar System, we observe its effects directly: atmospheric escape, chemical disruption, and spectacular auroral displays. Yet for exoplanets, we lack the tools and data to comprehensively assess the impacts of space weather, especially invisible elements like stellar winds, coronal mass ejections, energetic particles, and variable interplanetary magnetic fields. This problem lies at the intersection of four key fields: heliophysics, planetary science, astrobiology, and astrophysics. In 2023--2025, experts from these four fields convened at the W. M. Keck Institute for Space Studies to explore pathways for advancing the study of exospace weather. Organizing the subject into five core themes -- planets and their stellar particle environments, stellar magnetism and space weather…
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Taxonomy
TopicsSolar and Space Plasma Dynamics · Stellar, planetary, and galactic studies · Astrophysics and Star Formation Studies
