Fundamental structure of string geometry theory

TL;DR

String geometry theory offers a non-perturbative framework for string theory, uniquely determined by T-symmetry, with no loop corrections and potential non-perturbative effects from instantons, providing a comprehensive understanding of string backgrounds.

Contribution

This paper introduces the fundamental structure of string geometry theory, highlighting its non-perturbative nature, T-symmetry constraints, and the absence of loop corrections, which simplifies the path-integral formulation.

Findings

The classical action is almost uniquely determined by T-symmetry.

No loop corrections occur due to a non-renormalization theorem.

Non-perturbative effects are described by instanton transitions between vacua.

Abstract

String geometry theory is one of the candidates of a non-perturbative formulation of string theory. In this theory, the ``classical'' action is almost uniquely determined by T-symmetry, which is a generalization of the T-duality, where the parameter of ``quantum'' corrections $\beta$ in the path-integral of the theory is independent of that of quantum corrections $\hbar$ in the perturbative string theories. We distinguish the effects of $\beta$ and $\hbar$ by putting " " like "classical" and "loops" for tree level and loop corrections with respect to $\beta$, respectively, whereas by putting nothing like classical and loops for tree level and loop corrections with respect to $\hbar$, respectively. A non-renormalization theorem states that there is no ``loop'' correction. Thus, there is no problem of non-renormalizability, although the theory is defined by the path-integral over the fields including a metric on string geometry. No ``loop'' correction is also the reason why the complete path-integrals of the all-order perturbative strings in general string backgrounds are derived from the ``tree''-level two-point correlation functions in the perturbative vacua, although string geometry includes information of genera of the world-sheets of the stings. Furthermore, a non-perturbative correction in string coupling with the order $e^{-1/g_s^2}$ is given by a transition amplitude representing a tunneling process between the semi-stable vacua in the ``classical'' potential by an ``instanton'' in the theory. From this effect, a generic initial state will reach the minimum of the potential.