Dynamic Population Distribution Aware Human Trajectory Generation with Diffusion Model

TL;DR

This paper introduces a diffusion model-based framework for human trajectory generation that incorporates dynamic population distribution, improving realism and statistical accuracy over existing methods.

Contribution

It presents a novel trajectory generation approach integrating population distribution constraints using a diffusion model and spatial graph, enhancing realism and accuracy.

Findings

Outperforms state-of-the-art algorithms by over 54% in statistical metrics.

Generates trajectories that closely resemble real-world data.

Effectively captures spatiotemporal dependencies and population influences.

Abstract

Human trajectory data is crucial in urban planning, traffic engineering, and public health. However, directly using real-world trajectory data often faces challenges such as privacy concerns, data acquisition costs, and data quality. A practical solution to these challenges is trajectory generation, a method developed to simulate human mobility behaviors. Existing trajectory generation methods mainly focus on capturing individual movement patterns but often overlook the influence of population distribution on trajectory generation. In reality, dynamic population distribution reflects changes in population density across different regions, significantly impacting individual mobility behavior. Thus, we propose a novel trajectory generation framework based on a diffusion model, which integrates the dynamic population distribution constraints to guide high-fidelity generation outcomes. Specifically, we construct a spatial graph to enhance the spatial correlation of trajectories. Then, we design a dynamic population distribution aware denoising network to capture the spatiotemporal dependencies of human mobility behavior as well as the impact of population distribution in the denoising process. Extensive experiments show that the trajectories generated by our model can resemble real-world trajectories in terms of some critical statistical metrics, outperforming state-of-the-art algorithms by over 54%.