The Orientalists' Stance Towards Arabic Sciences (Especially Arabic Astronomy)

TL;DR

This paper examines the influence of Arab scholars on the development of astronomy, focusing on how Orientalists have studied and transmitted Arab scientific contributions, especially astronomical tables, to Western civilization.

Contribution

It clarifies the Orientalists' perspectives on Arab sciences, details the transmission mechanisms of astronomical knowledge, and highlights Arab scholars' role in shaping Western astronomy.

Findings

Arab astronomers significantly contributed to astronomical tables (zij)

Orientalists' works facilitated the transfer of Arab astronomy to the West

Arab scientific contributions influenced Western astronomical development

Abstract

In this paper, we highlight the influence of Arab/Islamic civilization in the field of the history of astronomy on European historians. We also aim to elucidate the stance of Orientalists toward the study of Arab sciences and to clarify their orientations, with a particular focus on astronomy, while revealing the significant role played by Arab scholars in this domain and the impact of their contributions-especially astronomical tables (zij)-on Western astronomers. Furthermore, we have clarified the mechanisms of transmission of Arab sciences, particularly astronomy, from Arab scholars to Western scholars, and the role of Arab astronomers in Western civilization. In addition, we address the contributions of Arab scholars to the development of astronomy and the perspective of Orientalists, particularly David King, regarding this matter. We also underscore the importance of Orientalists' works in analyzing Arab/Islamic scholarly output, identifying its influence on the West in the field of astronomy, and demonstrating how Western scholars benefited from translations of Arabic books in this discipline. In this paper, we adopt the historical retrieval methodology, by referencing previously documented astronomical information and contributions, with an emphasis on the processes of transmission of these sciences from the Arabs to the West.