Distinct Critical Scaling of Quantum Fisher Information in a Quantum Rabi Triangle System

TL;DR

This paper explores how the quantum Fisher information in a quantum Rabi triangle system exhibits unique critical scaling near phase transitions, enabling enhanced quantum sensing approaching the Heisenberg limit.

Contribution

It reveals distinct critical exponents for quantum Fisher information near different phase transitions and proposes a measurement scheme to saturate the quantum Cramér-Rao bound.

Findings

Quantum Fisher information diverges with different critical exponents at phase boundaries.

Enhanced sensing precision reaches the Heisenberg limit when resource costs are considered.

A measurement scheme is proposed to saturate the quantum Cramér-Rao bound.

Abstract

Critical properties of a quantum system are recognized as valuable resources for quantum metrology. In this work, we investigate the criticality-enhanced sensing in a quantum Rabi triangle system, which exhibits multiple phases. Around the phase boundary, enhanced parameter estimation precision can be achieved by tuning either the scaled coupling strength or the hopping phase controlled by an artificial magnetic field. We observe that the quantum Fisher information shows divergent scaling near different quantum phase transition points, characterized by distinct critical exponents. When the resource consumption is taken into account, we find that the divergent quantum Fisher information can reach the Heisenberg limit. Furthermore, we propose a measurement scheme of the average photon number and the quantum Cram\'er-Rao bound can be saturated.