Jet drop production from bubbles with neighbors

TL;DR

This study experimentally examines how neighboring bubbles influence jet drop formation, revealing that increased bubble proximity results in smaller, faster, and more numerous drops, significantly altering drop size distribution.

Contribution

It provides new insights into collective effects on jet drop production, demonstrating how bubble arrangements affect drop size and distribution during collapse.

Findings

Drop size decreases with more neighboring bubbles.

Drop velocity increases with bubble proximity.

Drop size distribution widens in bubble rafts.

Abstract

Bubbles bursting at the surface of the ocean produce drops that heavily influence ocean-atmosphere interactions. One of the mechanisms through which drops are formed is called jet drop production, where the collapse of the bubble cavity leads to the formation of a fast upwards jet that breaks to form drops. While isolated bubble bursting has been extensively studied, bubbles are often found in rafts (for instance in the ocean surface or a sparkling wine glass) and the understanding of collective effects remains more limited. We investigate experimentally how jet drop formation is modified by the presence of neighboring bubbles during the collapse. With the help of multiple high speed views of the collapsing bubble, we show how a change of cavity shape during collapse leads to the selection of smaller, faster, and more numerous drops. The size of the emitted drops is monotonically reduced with increasing number of neighboring bubbles (up to six for hexagonal packing) with the size reduction reaching a factor 5. The drop size distribution associated with bubbles arranged in rafts of various sizes is therefore much wider than in the case of isolated bubbles, and with a peak shifted to smaller sizes.