Coordinated Position Falsification Attacks and Countermeasures for Location-Based Services
Wenjie Liu, Panos Papadimitratos

TL;DR
This paper identifies vulnerabilities in location-based services to low-cost coordinated spoofing attacks and proposes an enhanced detection method using multi-source data fusion to improve security and accuracy.
Contribution
It introduces a novel countermeasure that extends RAIM by integrating diverse signals, significantly enhancing attack detection and position integrity in LBS applications.
Findings
Detection accuracy improved by up to 62%
Effective in identifying coordinated spoofing attacks
Restores accurate positioning under attack conditions
Abstract
With the rise of location-based service (LBS) applications that rely on terrestrial and satellite infrastructures (e.g., GNSS and crowd-sourced Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, cellular, and IP databases) for positioning, ensuring their integrity and security is paramount. However, we demonstrate that these applications are susceptible to low-cost attacks (less than $50), including Wi-Fi spoofing combined with GNSS jamming, as well as more sophisticated coordinated location spoofing. These attacks manipulate position data to control or undermine LBS functionality, leading to user scams or service manipulation. Therefore, we propose a countermeasure to detect and thwart such attacks by utilizing readily available, redundant positioning information from off-the-shelf platforms. Our method extends the receiver autonomous integrity monitoring (RAIM) framework by incorporating opportunistic information,…
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Taxonomy
TopicsIndoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies · GNSS positioning and interference · Wireless Networks and Protocols
