Asymmetric thin-shell wormholes in the Kalb-Ramond background: Observational characteristics and extra photon rings

TL;DR

This study uses ray-tracing to analyze the observational images of asymmetric thin-shell wormholes in the Kalb-Ramond field, revealing unique lensing features and additional photon rings influenced by charge and Lorentz-violation parameters.

Contribution

It provides a detailed analysis of photon trajectories and observational signatures of asymmetric wormholes in a Kalb-Ramond background, highlighting new lensing phenomena and photon ring structures.

Findings

Asymmetric wormholes exhibit additional lensing rings and photon ring clusters.

Increasing charge and Lorentz-violation parameters expand the halo coverage.

Distinct observational features differentiate wormholes from black holes.

Abstract

In this paper, we utilize the ray-tracing method to conduct an in-depth study of the observational images of asymmetric thin-shell wormholes in the Kalb-Ramond field. Initially, we calculate the null geodesics and effective potential energy of the asymmetric thin-shell wormhole, and investigate the variations in the photon sphere radius and critical impact parameter under different values of charge $Q$ and Lorentz-violation parameter $l$. Based on these calculations, we determine the photon deflection angles and trajectories within this space-time structure. Specifically, depending on the photon impact parameters, the photon trajectories can be categorized into three types. By using a thin accretion disk as the sole background light source and incorporating two classical observational radiation models, we find that under conditions of equal mass $M$, charge quantity $Q$, and Lorentz-violation parameter $l$, the asymmetric thin-shell wormholes exhibit unique observational features such as additional lensing rings and photon ring clusters. Furthermore, distinct from black holes, as the charge quantity $Q$ and the Lorentz-violation parameter $l$ increase, the coverage area of the specific additional halo also expands correspondingly.