Emergent Bell-Triplet State in Proton-Proton Scattering

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates that proton-proton scattering at specific energies and angles can produce near-perfect Bell-triplet entangled states, enabling quantum teleportation protocols within nuclear physics.

Contribution

It reveals the emergence of Bell-triplet states in proton-proton scattering and proposes using this process for quantum information tasks like teleportation.

Findings

Near-pure Bell-triplet state observed at 151 MeV and 90° scattering angle

Scattering amplitude acts as a transition operator between Bell states

Proposes a quantum teleportation protocol using proton spins

Abstract

Entanglement is a key resource in quantum information science, yet its properties and applications in nuclear systems remain largely unexplored. Here, using proton-proton scattering as a quantum laboratory, we report the emergence of a near-pure Bell-triplet state at a laboratory energy of 151 MeV and a center-of-mass scattering angle of 90 degrees. In this unique kinematic regime, the scattering amplitude functions as a transition operator connecting distinct Bell states. Building upon this emergent resource, we propose a quantum teleportation protocol for proton spins, exploiting the intrinsic Hamiltonian of the strong interaction to perform the requisite Bell measurement. These findings effectively bridge few-body nuclear physics and quantum technology, establishing proton-proton scattering as both a source of high-fidelity entanglement and a natural processor for quantum information.