Single impurity atom embedded in a dipolar two-soliton molecule as a qubit

TL;DR

This paper proposes a new qubit implementation using a single impurity atom in a double well potential created by a dipolar two-soliton molecule, demonstrating coherent oscillations and potential quantum computing applications.

Contribution

It introduces a novel physical realization of a qubit using impurity atoms in a dipolar soliton-induced double well, with analytical and numerical validation.

Findings

Well-separated ground and first excited states enable two-level system approximation.

Numerical simulations show coherent population oscillations between wells.

Analytical model matches numerical results, supporting qubit feasibility.

Abstract

We consider a single impurity atom trapped in a double well (DW) potential created by a dipolar two-soliton molecule in a quasi-one-dimensional geometry. By solving the eigenvalue problem for the impurity atom in the DW potential, we find that its ground and first excited states are well separated from higher excited states. This allows it to be approximated by a desirable two-level quantum system. Numerical simulations of the Schr\"odinger equation, governing impurity atom, demonstrate periodic oscillations in the probability of finding the impurity confined either to the ``left" or to the ``right" side of the DW potential. An analytic expression for the coherent oscillations of the population imbalance between the two wells of the DW potential has been derived using the two-mode approximation. Theoretical predictions of the mathematical model are in good agreement with the results of numerical simulations. Potential usage of the developed setup as a physical realization of ``qubit" has been discussed.