Dynamical Phase Transition of Dark Solitons in Spherical Holographic Superfluids

TL;DR

This study uses holographic gravity to analyze the stability and dynamical phase transitions of spherical dark solitons in superfluids, revealing temperature-dependent instabilities and unique behaviors due to curvature effects.

Contribution

First application of holographic gravity to investigate dynamical stability and phase transitions of spherical solitons in superfluids.

Findings

Identification of two unstable modes in spherical solitons.

Observation of self-acceleration and snake instabilities at different temperatures.

Discovery of temperature-dependent dynamical phase transitions.

Abstract

In this paper, we employ, for the first time, the holographic gravity approach to investigate the dynamical stability of solitons in spherical superfluids. Transverse perturbations are applied to the background of spherical soliton configurations, and the collective excitation modes of the solitons are examined within the framework of linear analysis. Our study reveals the existence of two distinct unstable modes in the soliton configurations. Through fully nonlinear evolution schemes, the dynamical evolution and final states of the solitons are elucidated. The results demonstrate that the solitons exhibit both self-acceleration instability and snake instability at different temperatures, respectively. And we explore the corresponding temperature-dependent dynamical phase transitions. It is noteworthy that the dynamical behavior of spherical solitons is distinct from the planar case due to the presence of spherical curvature.