Paradoxical Topological Soliton Lattice in Anisotropic Frustrated Chiral Magnets

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates a stable skyrmion-antiskyrmion lattice in anisotropic frustrated chiral magnets, revealing a new topological ground state with potential for spintronic applications.

Contribution

It introduces a novel stable topological lattice in chiral magnets with competing anisotropic interactions, supported by theoretical and simulation evidence.

Findings

Stable skyrmion-antiskyrmion lattice observed

Net-zero topological charge due to balanced populations

Identification of 2Fe/InSb(110) as an ideal material candidate

Abstract

Two-dimensional chiral magnets are known to host a variety of skyrmions, characterized by an integer topological charge. However, these systems typically favor uniform lattices as a thermodynamically stable phase composed of either skyrmions (Q = -1) or antiskyrmions (Q = 1). In isotropic chiral magnets, skyrmion-antiskyrmion coexistence is typically transient due to mutual annihilation, making the observation of a stable, long-range ordered lattice a significant challenge. Here, we address this challenge by demonstrating a skyrmion-antiskyrmion lattice as a magnetic field-induced topological ground state in chiral magnets with competing anisotropic interactions, specifically Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya and frustrated exchange interactions. This unique lattice exhibits a net-zero global topological charge due to the balanced populations of skyrmions and antiskyrmions. Furthermore, density functional theory and spin-lattice simulations identify 2Fe/InSb(110) as an ideal candidate material for realizing this phase. This finding reveals new possibilities for manipulating magnetic solitons and establishes anisotropic frustrated chiral magnets as a promising material class for future spintronic applications.