First-principles study of phase stability and magnetic properties of B2 AlCr, AlMn, AlFe, AlCo and AlNi aluminides

TL;DR

This study uses first-principles DFT calculations to analyze the phase stability and magnetic properties of Al-based binary alloys with 3d transition metals, revealing stable B2 phases and magnetic behaviors.

Contribution

It provides new insights into the stability and magnetic characteristics of AlCr, AlMn, AlFe, AlCo, and AlNi aluminides using ab initio methods.

Findings

All five aluminides are more stable in the B2 phase.

AlCo and AlNi are non-magnetic; AlFe is weakly magnetic.

AlCr is predicted to have an antiferromagnetic ground state.

Abstract

Using ab initio Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations, we investigate the electronic structure, phase stability, and magnetic properties of equiatomic binary alloys between Al and 3d magnetic transition elements (Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, and Ni). Thermodynamically, all five binary aluminides are more stable in the ordered B2 phase than in the disordered body centered cubic phase, and Co is found to be the strongest B2 forming element with Al. The AlCo and AlNi compounds with B2 structure are verified to be non-magnetic, whereas AlFe turns out to be weakly magnetic, which is consistent with other DFT calculations employing similar exchange-correlation approximations. Magnetic simulations based on the Heisenberg Hamiltonian predict an antiferromagnetic ground state for the hypothetical B2 AlCr, which is also confirmed by direct DFT calculations. Doping AlCr with Co leads to an antiferromagnetic to ferromagnetic transition, where ferromagnetism is to a large extent attributed to Cr atoms. The phase stability and magnetic trends are explained using electronic structure arguments. The present findings contribute to a deeper understanding of the phase stability and magnetic properties of AlX binary alloys, providing insights into the formation mechanisms of the B2 structure with 3d magnetic transition metals.