Paramagnetic electron-nuclear spin entanglement in HoCo2Zn20

TL;DR

This study explores electron-nuclear spin entanglement in HoCo2Zn20, revealing how hyperfine interactions and crystal field effects influence the paramagnetic ground state and its potential for quantum entanglement.

Contribution

It provides detailed analysis of the electron-nuclear entanglement mechanisms and identifies conditions under which the ground state switches between different coupled states.

Findings

Hyperfine coupling splits the Gamma5 CEF ground state by 1.3 K at 0 T.

The true paramagnetic ground state is a quasi-sextet from entanglement of S=1 and I=7/2.

Ground state can switch to an electron-nuclear coupled dectet depending on CEF parameters.

Abstract

We investigated electron-nuclear spin entanglement in the paramagnetic ground state of the Ho-based cubic compound HoCo2Zn20. From analyses of magnetization and specific heat data, we determined the cubic crystalline electric field (CEF) parameters, the magnetic exchange constant, and the hyperfine coupling constant between the 4f magnetic moment and the 165Ho nuclear spin. Our results show that the Gamma5 CEF ground state is split by the hyperfine coupling, with an energy width of 1.3 K at 0 T, and that the true paramagnetic ground state is a quasi-sextet arising primarily from entanglement between the f-electron effective spin S = 1 and the 165Ho nuclear spin I = 7/2. We further demonstrate that, depending on the CEF parameters, the paramagnetic ground state can switch to an electron-nuclear coupled dectet. These findings underscore the importance of accurately identifying the electron-nuclear level scheme for understanding the low-temperature properties of rare-earth compounds containing spin-active nuclei.