Bound State Perturbations in the Interior of Black Holes

TL;DR

This paper investigates bound state perturbations inside Schwarzschild black holes, revealing their existence across different perturbation types, establishing bounds on their spectra, and analyzing their wave function profiles near the horizon.

Contribution

It provides a semi-analytical and numerical analysis of bound state solutions for various perturbations inside black holes, including spectral bounds and wave function behaviors.

Findings

Bound states exist for scalar, vector, and axial tensor perturbations.

Number of bound states is given by $ ext{total } ext{l}-s$ for each $ ext{l}$ and $ ext{s}$.

Universal lower bound $2 G M ext{omega}_I >1$ for the spectrum, saturated at large $ ext{l}$.

Abstract

We revisit our earlier work and investigate the bound state perturbations in the interior of the Schwarzschild black hole. The bound sates are defined as the perturbations in the interior of the black hole with an imaginary spectrum which are regular at the center of black hole while their time-dependent profile falls off exponentially on the event horizon. Using the scale factor in the expanding direction in the interior of the black hole as the clock, we rewrite the corresponding Regge-Wheeler equation and solve it semi-analytically as well as numerically. We confirm that the bound state solutions exist for scalar, vector and axial tensor perturbations. It is shown that for a given value of $\ell >s$, there are total $\ell-s$ such bound states. We obtain the universal lower bound $2 G M \omega_I >1$ for the spectrum of bound state which is asymptotically saturated in the large $\ell$ limit. Furthermore, we obtain an upper bound on the spectrum of axial perturbations which for large $\ell$ scales like $2 G M \omega_I \lesssim 0.04\, \ell^4 $. As observed recently, these bound states have the curious property that the profile of the total wave function has a non-zero magnitude near the future event horizon.