Finsler geometry in anisotropic superconductivity: a Ginzburg-Landau approach

TL;DR

This paper generalizes the Ginzburg--Landau model to Finsler manifolds, providing a new geometric framework for anisotropic superconductivity and analyzing vortex behavior through Gamma-convergence.

Contribution

It introduces a Finsler geometric formulation of the Ginzburg--Landau model, extending classical results to anisotropic settings and establishing existence and asymptotic properties of minimizers.

Findings

Existence of minimizers in Finsler--Sobolev spaces.

Gamma-convergence of energies to a Finslerian length functional.

Vortex energy proportional to Finslerian length of current.

Abstract

We present a rigorous generalization of the classical Ginzburg--Landau model to smooth, compact Finsler manifolds without boundary. This framework provides a natural analytic setting for describing anisotropic superconductivity within Finsler geometry. The model is constructed via the Finsler--Laplacian, defined through the Legendre transform associated with the fundamental function F, and by employing canonical Finsler measures such as the Busemann--Hausdorff and Holmes--Thompson volume forms. We introduce an anisotropic Ginzburg--Landau functional for complex scalar fields coupled to gauge potentials and establish the existence of minimizers in the appropriate Finsler--Sobolev spaces by the direct method in the calculus of variations. Furthermore, we analyze the asymptotic regime as the Ginzburg--Landau parameter epsilon to 0 and prove a precise Gamma--convergence result: the rescaled energies converge to the Finslerian length functional associated with the limiting vortex filaments. In particular, the limiting vortex energy is shown to equal $\pi$ times the Finslerian length of the corresponding current, thereby extending the classical Bethuel--Brezis--He'lein result to anisotropic settings. These findings demonstrate that Finsler geometry unifies metric anisotropy and variational principles in gauge-field models, broadening the geometric scope of the Ginzburg--Landau theory beyond the Riemannian framework.