Enhancing Early Alzheimer Disease Detection through Big Data and Ensemble Few-Shot Learning

TL;DR

This paper introduces an ensemble few-shot learning method using pre-trained CNNs and Prototypical Networks to improve early Alzheimer disease detection accuracy with limited labeled data, achieving over 99.7% accuracy on two datasets.

Contribution

It presents a novel ensemble approach combining pre-trained CNNs with Prototypical Networks and specialized loss functions for enhanced Alzheimer detection accuracy with scarce data.

Findings

Achieved 99.72% accuracy on Kaggle dataset

Achieved 99.86% accuracy on ADNI dataset

Outperformed state-of-the-art methods in accuracy

Abstract

Alzheimer disease is a severe brain disorder that causes harm in various brain areas and leads to memory damage. The limited availability of labeled medical data poses a significant challenge for accurate Alzheimer disease detection. There is a critical need for effective methods to improve the accuracy of Alzheimer disease detection, considering the scarcity of labeled data, the complexity of the disease, and the constraints related to data privacy. To address this challenge, our study leverages the power of big data in the form of pre-trained Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) within the framework of Few-Shot Learning (FSL) and ensemble learning. We propose an ensemble approach based on a Prototypical Network (ProtoNet), a powerful method in FSL, integrating various pre-trained CNNs as encoders. This integration enhances the richness of features extracted from medical images. Our approach also includes a combination of class-aware loss and entropy loss to ensure a more precise classification of Alzheimer disease progression levels. The effectiveness of our method was evaluated using two datasets, the Kaggle Alzheimer dataset and the ADNI dataset, achieving an accuracy of 99.72% and 99.86%, respectively. The comparison of our results with relevant state-of-the-art studies demonstrated that our approach achieved superior accuracy and highlighted its validity and potential for real-world applications in early Alzheimer disease detection.