Reaching maximum efficiency in quantum Stirling engines using multilayer graphene

TL;DR

This paper analyzes quantum Stirling engines based on different graphene layers, identifying optimal conditions for maximum efficiency and highlighting multilayer graphene's potential as a versatile platform.

Contribution

It demonstrates that multilayer graphene, especially AB bilayer, can achieve Carnot efficiency and operate effectively across various regimes in quantum Stirling engines.

Findings

AB bilayer graphene reaches Carnot efficiency over a broad parameter range.

Monolayer graphene operates in all four Stirling cycle regimes.

Sizable ta W achieved with trilayer graphene.

Abstract

In this work, quantum Stirling engines based on monolayer, AB-stacked bilayer, and ABC-stacked trilayer graphene under perpendicular magnetic fields are analyzed. Performance maps of the useful work \((\eta W)\) reveal a robust optimum at low magnetic fields and moderately low temperatures, with all stackings capable of reaching Carnot efficiency under suitable configurations. The AB bilayer achieves this across the broadest parameter window while sustaining finite work, the monolayer exhibits highly constrained regimes, and the trilayer shows smoother trends with sizable \(\eta W\). These results identify multilayer graphene, particularly the AB bilayer, as a promising platform for efficient Stirling engines, while also highlighting the versatility of the monolayer in realizing all four operational regimes of the Stirling cycle.