Holography of K-complexity: Switchbacks and Shockwaves

TL;DR

This paper explores Krylov complexity in the DSSYK model, revealing its geometric nature and connection to shockwaves in JT gravity, demonstrating the switchback effect and late-time linear growth.

Contribution

It introduces a holographic interpretation of K-complexity in DSSYK, linking it to shockwaves and geodesic lengths in JT gravity, and extends the holographic dictionary for matter insertions.

Findings

Krylov complexity exhibits the switchback effect in DSSYK.

K-complexity correlates with shockwave insertions in JT gravity.

Late-time linear growth of complexity is confirmed holographically.

Abstract

In this paper we study Krylov complexity in the presence of single and multiple operators in the DSSYK model, where we can use the analytical techniques coming from chord diagrammatics. One of the results we obtain is that it showcases the switchback effect, when the appropriate ``triple-scaling limit'' is taken, under which the model becomes dual to semiclassical JT gravity. We build on previous work, where it was shown that, in the continuum limit, Krylov complexity is defined as the sum of expectations value of right and left chord number operators. Here we argue that this property signals the emergence of the geometric nature of this notion of K-complexity. We show that in the regime where DSSYK is dual to semi-classical gravity, the light matter chord corresponds to a shockwave insertion in JT gravity. We identify the geodesic-length dual of the operator complexity and extend the relevant holographic dictionary to describe the details of the matter insertions. Additionally, we define a class of two-sided perturbations of the Lanczos algorithm that allows to analyze the switchback effect. In the appropriate semi-classical limit, this perturbed operator complexity is dual to an ERB length in JT gravity with corresponding shockwave insertions. We thus establish that K-complexity exhibits the expected switchback effect and universal late-time linear growth, consistent with previous findings regarding its geometric nature in the holographic bulk-boundary map.