# What Are Research Hypotheses?

## TL;DR

This paper reviews diverse definitions of hypotheses in natural language understanding, emphasizing the need for clear, structured, and machine-interpretable hypotheses to advance scientific knowledge extraction.

## Contribution

It provides a comprehensive overview of hypothesis definitions across NLU tasks and discusses their implications for developing machine-interpretable scholarly records.

## Key findings

- Different interpretations of hypotheses across NLU tasks
- Importance of well-structured hypotheses for machine interpretation
- Highlighting the need for standardized definitions in NLU

## Abstract

Over the past decades, alongside advancements in natural language processing, significant attention has been paid to training models to automatically extract, understand, test, and generate hypotheses in open and scientific domains. However, interpretations of the term \emph{hypothesis} for various natural language understanding (NLU) tasks have migrated from traditional definitions in the natural, social, and formal sciences. Even within NLU, we observe differences defining hypotheses across literature. In this paper, we overview and delineate various definitions of hypothesis. Especially, we discern the nuances of definitions across recently published NLU tasks. We highlight the importance of well-structured and well-defined hypotheses, particularly as we move toward a machine-interpretable scholarly record.