When Energy and Information Revolutions Meet 2D Janus

TL;DR

This review discusses the recent advances in 2D Janus materials, highlighting their unique properties and potential applications in energy and information technologies, emphasizing experimental progress and future challenges.

Contribution

It provides a comprehensive summary of theoretical predictions, experimental methods, and modulation strategies for 2D Janus materials, focusing on their applications in various physical and chemical domains.

Findings

Summarizes recent experimental realizations of hexagonal and trigonal Janus structures.

Highlights the diverse modifiable properties and applications in optics, catalysis, and electronics.

Identifies current challenges and future opportunities in 2D Janus material research.

Abstract

The depletion of energy sources, worsening environmental issues, and the quantum limitations of integrated circuits for information storage in the post-Moore era, are pressing global concerns. Fortunately, two-dimensional (2D) Janus materials, possessing broken spatial symmetry, with emerging pressure-dependent and non-linear optical response, piezoelectricity, valley polarization, Rashba spin splitting and more, have established a substantial platform for exploring and applying modifiable physical, chemical and biological properties in material science and offered a promising solution for these energy and information issues. To furnish researchers with a comprehensive repository of 2D Janus family, this review systematically summarizes their theoretical predictions, experimental preparations, and modulation strategies. It also retrospectively outlines the recent advances in modifiable properties, applications, and inherent mechanisms in optics, catalysis, piezoelectricity, electrochemistry, thermoelectricity, magnetism, and electronics, with a focus on experimentally realized hexagonal and trigonal Janus structures. Additionally, their current research state is summarized, and potential opportunities and challenges that may arise are highlighted. Overall, this review aims to serve as a valuable resource for designing, fabricating, regulating, and applying 2D Janus systems, both theoretically and experimentally. This review will strongly promote the advanced academic investigations and industrial applications of 2D Janus materials in energy and information fields.