# Propagation in the Fisher-KPP equation with Mixed Operator

## TL;DR

This paper studies the long-term spreading behavior of the Fisher-KPP equation with a combined local and nonlocal diffusion operator, revealing the dominant role of the fractional Laplacian in propagation dynamics.

## Contribution

It introduces a new framework for analyzing mixed local-nonlocal operators, including heat kernel construction, mild solutions, and comparison principles, to understand spreading phenomena.

## Key findings

- Fractional Laplacian dominates initial spreading behavior
- Exponential propagation rate determined by nonlocal diffusion
- No traveling wave solutions exist for the mixed operator

## Abstract

Our investigation focuses on the asymptotic spreading behavior of the Fisher-KPP equation with a mixed local-nonlocal operator in the diffusion (see the work by X. Cabr\'e and J.-M. Roquejoffre, 2013, ref.[8]) to the setting of mixed diffusion, which involves both the classical and the fractional Laplacian in order to analyze the long-time dynamics of the equation. A key step in our approach involves the construction and detailed study of the heat kernel associated with the mixed operator, which we use to develop a theory of mild solutions and establish a comparison principle in suitable weighted function spaces. This framework allows us to rigorously establish the non-existence of traveling waves and characterize the large-time spreading rate of solutions. We show that the influence of the fractional Laplacian dominates over the classical Laplacian, especially in the initial layer, where it dictates the exponential propagation rate and the thickness of the solution tails.