# Real-Time Tracking Antenna System for Moving Targets

## TL;DR

This paper introduces a compact, cost-effective phased array antenna system capable of real-time beam-steering for dynamic target tracking, suitable for applications like radar and satellite communication.

## Contribution

It presents a novel design of a 4x4 microstrip patch array with advanced beamforming and DoA estimation, balancing wide-angle coverage and gain performance.

## Key findings

- Achieves ±42° wide-angle scanning in azimuth and elevation.
- Demonstrates reproducibility and scalability on Rogers 6010.2LM substrate.
- Uses commercially available components for affordability.

## Abstract

This paper presents the design and implementation of a compact, cost-effective phased array antenna system. It is capable of real-time beam-steering for dynamic target-tracking applications. The system employs a 4$\times$4 rectangular microstrip patch array, utilizing advanced beamforming techniques and a Direction of Arrival (DoA) estimation algorithm. It achieves $\pm 42^{\circ}$ wide-angle scanning in both azimuth and elevation planes. The design emphasizes a balance between high angular coverage and consistent gain performance. This makes it suitable for wireless tracking, radar, and satellite communication terminals. Fabricated on Rogers 6010.2LM substrate, the system demonstrates reproducibility and scalability. All components are sourced locally to ensure practical deployment. The system is built using commercially available components, highlighting its affordability for research and prototyping purposes.

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Source: https://tomesphere.com/paper/2508.20905