# Efficient Forkless Blockchain Databases

## TL;DR

This paper introduces a new forkless blockchain database that significantly reduces storage requirements and increases throughput, addressing the high resource costs of blockchain nodes.

## Contribution

It presents a novel forkless database design optimized for forkless blockchains, achieving substantial performance improvements over existing solutions.

## Key findings

- 100x reduction in storage requirements
- 10x increase in throughput
- Enhanced efficiency for blockchain nodes

## Abstract

Operating nodes in an L1 blockchain remains costly despite recent advances in blockchain technology. One of the most resource-intensive components of a node is the blockchain database, also known as StateDB, that manages balances, nonce, code, and the persistent storage of accounts/smart contracts. Although the blockchain industry has transitioned from forking to forkless chains due to improved consensus protocols, forkless blockchains still rely on legacy forking databases that are suboptimal for their purposes. In this paper, we propose a forkless blockchain database, showing a 100x improvement in storage and a 10x improvement in throughput compared to the geth-based Fantom Blockchain client.